Woodworking saw and sawing processing knowledge

1, saw (knife)

Sawing is the oldest and most extensive processing method used in wood cutting. Sawing is mainly used to split or cut wood into two parts.

There are many types of saws, and most saws are made up of saw blades and serrations made on the edges. The saw is basically in the form of a disc and a strip (belt). The size parameters are expressed in terms of thickness and width, length or diameter. When sawing, the part that cuts the wood directly is sawtooth.

The serrations are mainly divided into longitudinal and cross-sectional teeth according to the direction of the wood when they are cut relative to the wood fiber. The serrations are divided into straight and oblique grinding according to the different grinding methods. Longitudinal gears are mostly straight-grinded, and the cross-section teeth are basically obliquely ground.

The main angles of the sawtooth are:

The rake angle g: the angle between the straight line (base line) passing through the tip of the tooth and perpendicular to the tip line and the front line of the sawtooth. In the prescribed illustration, the rake angle measured clockwise from the vertical surface of the above-mentioned tooth tip or the radial line of the saw blade is "+".

Back angle a: The angle between the trailing line of the serration (or the tangent of the trailing line) and the tip line (or the tangent of the tip line). The back angle of the circular saw blade is the angle between the tangent to the cusp of the tip of the tooth tip and the back flank. If the rear tooth surface is a curved surface, the tangent to the rear tooth surface passing through the curved edge of the tooth tip is used as the rear tooth surface.

Wedge angle b: is the angle between the front tooth surface and the rear tooth surface.

The saw material is mainly divided into press material and material. Straight grinding teeth are mainly pressed, and oblique grinding teeth can only be used for material. The amount of sawing material is indicated by the width of the saw and the angle of the saw.

2, sawtooth cutting

1) Longitudinal sawing

Sawing and right angle free cutting are different. When sawing, the saw teeth cut the wood with three cutting edges, and the sawing teeth complete three cutting faces after one stroke - the sawing bottom and the sawing walls on both sides. Wood longitudinal sawing refers to sawing parallel to the fiber direction in the feed direction (saw direction), such as the band saw and circular saw.

2) Horizontal serrated cutting

In the case of a cross saw, the feed direction (or the direction of the saw) is perpendicular to the plane of the fiber, such as a cross section of a circular saw. If the cross-cut serration with a cutting angle greater than 90° is used to cut the wood, the tooth edge cuts into the initial wood, similar to cutting the knife mark on the wood with a small knife. The two adjacent serrations cut two parallel teeth on the surface of the wood. Trace, as the sawtooth penetrates into the wood, the force of the force of the front teeth facing the wood in the sawing path in the direction of the vertical sawing path, the extrusion of the wood in the middle of the sawing road that has been cut on both sides, making it Cut along the sawing path in the direction of the fiber. When the depth of the sawtooth cut into the wood is sufficiently large, the part of the wood in the sawing path is cut when the component of the vertical sawing direction exceeds the shear resistance limit of the wood.

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Jinan Tri-Tiger Technology Development Co., Ltd , https://www.tigerwoodproduct.com

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