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3.2.2 Questions about styrene monomer
The problem of containing monomer residues in PS or using them above 65° C. will release the monomeric toxicity, which has been one of the main problems in the PSP meal poisoning for many years.
3.2.2.1 With regard to the problem of containing residual monomers, according to the data provided by the manufacturer, the PS produced in China is a standard that strictly enforces the national styrene monomer content of not more than 1000 ppm, and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accreditation standard is 5000 ppm, Japan. The Food Sanitation Law stipulates that the total concentration of volatile substances (styrene, toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene, n-butylbenzene, etc.) of PS used in food packaging plastic products and containers must be less than 5000 ppm, but As a foaming container for hot soups, the total concentration must be below 2000 ppm, wherein the concentrations of styrene, diene dimer and ethylbenzene must not exceed 1000 ppm respectively. For PS for other food containers, the total concentration must be below 10000 PPm.
3.2.2.2 Regarding the problem that PSP dishes will release monomers when heated above 65°C, this is unscientific, because the molecular structure of polystyrene is relatively stable, and the temperature for depolymerization into monomers must be above 250°C. Even if the molecular structure in the raw material contains the very small amount of monomers allowed in the standard, it has been fully proved in practical use that these monomers will instantly vaporize into the air, and the chance of remaining in the food or the vessel is minimal, even if it remains, due to its amount Little, normal human liver is enough to pass out of metabolism and will not harm the human body. According to the report in the second issue of Britain's "Enhanced Plastics" in 1992, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has eliminated styrene, which is considered to be a carcinogen, from the list of "carcinogens." In the same article, it was also reported that a report in the US “Materials Engineering†magazine pointed out that the above decision was based on an expanded study of scientific data and was only approved by the US Department of Environmental Protection's Department of Drinking Water (ODW). In the U.S. federal (materials) registration, styrene was eventually ruled as a "substance that is not considered to have sufficient carcinogenic potential." The Department of Drinking Water pointed out that no styrene has been found to have a carcinogenic reaction during the full drinking water study. This decision has been included in the EPA's final rule for 38 chemicals that contain the maximum levels of drinking water impurities. Drinking water with a styrene content of 0.1 mg/l has no significant harm to human health. In addition, the United States National Cancer Research Agency (LARC) made this: "There is not enough evidence to prove that styrene monomer is carcinogenic to humans or experimental animals."
3.2.3 Problems with Environmental Hormones
About PSP heat release dimer, trimer, etc., will produce environmental hormones (translated into 'hormone' in our country), disturbing the human endocrine effects of estrogen and other issues, is the most severe accusation of love after PEPS cutlery after dioxins The toxic problem has caused great concern and worries.
This problem was caused by the publication of a paper entitled “Styrene oligomers for food-grade polystyrene products†published by the Japan National Institute of Hygiene, Kawamura, et al., on May 13, 1998 in the Japanese Health Association. After being hyped by some news media, it once caused confusion in Japan. The Japanese government attaches great importance to this and has carried out a lot of research, analysis and evaluation. At present, the issue of the release of styrene, dimer and trimer by the PSP tableware has been basically clarified. First, the Japan Polystyrene Industry Association commissioned TNO (the Netherlands Applied Science Research Organization) and the Food and Drug Safety Center to carry out safety verification tests and publicize the results, and issued a "safety declaration" for dimers and trimers. , announced that it disrupted the end of human endocrine problems. The conclusion of the first workshop on disrupting endocrine chemicals organized by the Japan Environment Agency in July 2000 was: "It is unrealistic to technically detect the danger of styrene dimer and trimer, so it is not necessary. Considering that its conclusion is no longer included in the survey." The Office announced at the second “Discussion on Endocrine Substances Seminar†in 2000, held on October 31st, 2000, that it decided not to list styrene dimers, trimers, n-butylbenzene, and other chemical substances. Into the list of "environmental hormones" produced by the hall. The agency also decided to revisit the "SPEED'98" and republish a November 2000 edition, officially promulgated: Polyethylene Mycoplasma, Trichoderma, will be removed from the 67 kinds of "suspicious chemicals list of environmental hormones. In addition, for The problem of styrene dimers and trimers, the Japanese Ministry of Health, the Ministry of International Trade, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries also made it clear that they are not the so-called endocrine chemicals. They believe that no test is necessary. The government has officially put an end to the “environmental hormone turmoil†in the society that has plagued the PSP tableware industry and the PS product industry for the past few years.
In recent years, foreign countries have also announced the results of relevant reports one after another, clearly clarifying issues related to environmental hormones.
â— Tests conducted by TNO, an international authoritative organization, show that the ethanol extracts of PS with styrene dimer and trimer as the main components do not vary widely from low dosage to high dosage. There is estrogenic properties. (June 1998.)
â—Experiment conducted by the Japan Fast Food Industry Association at the National Institute of Foods and Foods of Nisshin Foods indicated that styrene dimer and trimer do not have estrogenic properties (June 1998)
â— The American Society of Plastics Industry (SPI) took PS under strict conditions to conduct estrogen experiments and the results showed no estrogen properties (September 1998)
â—Estrogen test conducted on 23 PS products by European SSC (STYRENE STEERING COMMITTEE) showed no estrogen properties (1998)
â— The European Commission for Ecological Toxicology and Environmental Science (CSTEE) made it clear that the harmfulness and heterogeneity of humans that have been thought to disrupt human endocrine chemicals such as PS have not been confirmed (March 1999).
â— The National Science Council (NRC) reported in a report on "hormonal active drugs in the environment" that there are no scientific basis for certain organizations or consumer associations to publish PSP containers that are dangerous or toxic. (1999) August
The problem of containing monomer residues in PS or using them above 65° C. will release the monomeric toxicity, which has been one of the main problems in the PSP meal poisoning for many years.
3.2.2.1 With regard to the problem of containing residual monomers, according to the data provided by the manufacturer, the PS produced in China is a standard that strictly enforces the national styrene monomer content of not more than 1000 ppm, and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accreditation standard is 5000 ppm, Japan. The Food Sanitation Law stipulates that the total concentration of volatile substances (styrene, toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene, n-butylbenzene, etc.) of PS used in food packaging plastic products and containers must be less than 5000 ppm, but As a foaming container for hot soups, the total concentration must be below 2000 ppm, wherein the concentrations of styrene, diene dimer and ethylbenzene must not exceed 1000 ppm respectively. For PS for other food containers, the total concentration must be below 10000 PPm.
3.2.2.2 Regarding the problem that PSP dishes will release monomers when heated above 65°C, this is unscientific, because the molecular structure of polystyrene is relatively stable, and the temperature for depolymerization into monomers must be above 250°C. Even if the molecular structure in the raw material contains the very small amount of monomers allowed in the standard, it has been fully proved in practical use that these monomers will instantly vaporize into the air, and the chance of remaining in the food or the vessel is minimal, even if it remains, due to its amount Little, normal human liver is enough to pass out of metabolism and will not harm the human body. According to the report in the second issue of Britain's "Enhanced Plastics" in 1992, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has eliminated styrene, which is considered to be a carcinogen, from the list of "carcinogens." In the same article, it was also reported that a report in the US “Materials Engineering†magazine pointed out that the above decision was based on an expanded study of scientific data and was only approved by the US Department of Environmental Protection's Department of Drinking Water (ODW). In the U.S. federal (materials) registration, styrene was eventually ruled as a "substance that is not considered to have sufficient carcinogenic potential." The Department of Drinking Water pointed out that no styrene has been found to have a carcinogenic reaction during the full drinking water study. This decision has been included in the EPA's final rule for 38 chemicals that contain the maximum levels of drinking water impurities. Drinking water with a styrene content of 0.1 mg/l has no significant harm to human health. In addition, the United States National Cancer Research Agency (LARC) made this: "There is not enough evidence to prove that styrene monomer is carcinogenic to humans or experimental animals."
3.2.3 Problems with Environmental Hormones
About PSP heat release dimer, trimer, etc., will produce environmental hormones (translated into 'hormone' in our country), disturbing the human endocrine effects of estrogen and other issues, is the most severe accusation of love after PEPS cutlery after dioxins The toxic problem has caused great concern and worries.
This problem was caused by the publication of a paper entitled “Styrene oligomers for food-grade polystyrene products†published by the Japan National Institute of Hygiene, Kawamura, et al., on May 13, 1998 in the Japanese Health Association. After being hyped by some news media, it once caused confusion in Japan. The Japanese government attaches great importance to this and has carried out a lot of research, analysis and evaluation. At present, the issue of the release of styrene, dimer and trimer by the PSP tableware has been basically clarified. First, the Japan Polystyrene Industry Association commissioned TNO (the Netherlands Applied Science Research Organization) and the Food and Drug Safety Center to carry out safety verification tests and publicize the results, and issued a "safety declaration" for dimers and trimers. , announced that it disrupted the end of human endocrine problems. The conclusion of the first workshop on disrupting endocrine chemicals organized by the Japan Environment Agency in July 2000 was: "It is unrealistic to technically detect the danger of styrene dimer and trimer, so it is not necessary. Considering that its conclusion is no longer included in the survey." The Office announced at the second “Discussion on Endocrine Substances Seminar†in 2000, held on October 31st, 2000, that it decided not to list styrene dimers, trimers, n-butylbenzene, and other chemical substances. Into the list of "environmental hormones" produced by the hall. The agency also decided to revisit the "SPEED'98" and republish a November 2000 edition, officially promulgated: Polyethylene Mycoplasma, Trichoderma, will be removed from the 67 kinds of "suspicious chemicals list of environmental hormones. In addition, for The problem of styrene dimers and trimers, the Japanese Ministry of Health, the Ministry of International Trade, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries also made it clear that they are not the so-called endocrine chemicals. They believe that no test is necessary. The government has officially put an end to the “environmental hormone turmoil†in the society that has plagued the PSP tableware industry and the PS product industry for the past few years.
In recent years, foreign countries have also announced the results of relevant reports one after another, clearly clarifying issues related to environmental hormones.
â— Tests conducted by TNO, an international authoritative organization, show that the ethanol extracts of PS with styrene dimer and trimer as the main components do not vary widely from low dosage to high dosage. There is estrogenic properties. (June 1998.)
â—Experiment conducted by the Japan Fast Food Industry Association at the National Institute of Foods and Foods of Nisshin Foods indicated that styrene dimer and trimer do not have estrogenic properties (June 1998)
â— The American Society of Plastics Industry (SPI) took PS under strict conditions to conduct estrogen experiments and the results showed no estrogen properties (September 1998)
â—Estrogen test conducted on 23 PS products by European SSC (STYRENE STEERING COMMITTEE) showed no estrogen properties (1998)
â— The European Commission for Ecological Toxicology and Environmental Science (CSTEE) made it clear that the harmfulness and heterogeneity of humans that have been thought to disrupt human endocrine chemicals such as PS have not been confirmed (March 1999).
â— The National Science Council (NRC) reported in a report on "hormonal active drugs in the environment" that there are no scientific basis for certain organizations or consumer associations to publish PSP containers that are dangerous or toxic. (1999) August
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