Direct Separation and Determination of Cd2+, Cue+, Nit+ and Zn2+ in Aqueous Solution by Capillary Electrophoresis

Abstract: A method for the direct separation and determination of ccf+, Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zr⁴⁺ and ten other metal ions in water samples using capillary electrophoresis was developed. The influence of various factors such as buffer type, concentration, pH, and organic additives on the separation efficiency was systematically investigated. After optimization, the best separation conditions were achieved with a buffer solution of 150 mmol/L HAc-NaAc (20%) at pH 4.30, a separation voltage of 25 kV, and a detection wavelength of 223 nm. Under these conditions, the complexes formed by Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ with o-phenanthroline were well separated within 4 minutes. The migration times and peak areas showed good reproducibility, with relative standard deviations below 0.95% and 3.5%, respectively. A good linear relationship was observed between concentration and peak area, confirming the reliability and accuracy of the method for quantitative analysis. This approach provides a fast, efficient, and sensitive way to analyze multiple metal ions in environmental water samples.

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