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"Redwood" is classified as a type of "hardwood"
The national standard "Redwood" (GB/T 18107-2000) defines 33 species of redwood. In 2008, the industry standard "Dark and Expensive Hardwood Furniture" was introduced, which includes 101 types of hardwoods, with 33 of them also falling under the "Redwood" category. On August 1 this year, a new standard for mahogany furniture, "General Technical Conditions for Redwood Furniture" (GB28010-2011), was issued. This is China's first mandatory standard specifically for mahogany furniture. This means that the 33 redwood species defined in the national standard "Redwood" are included within the 101 hardwoods outlined in the "Dark and Expensive Hardwood Furniture" standard.
"Hardwood" does not necessarily mean "Redwood"
Experts in the redwood industry have warned that even if furniture meets the industry standard "Dark and Expensive Hardwood Furniture," it only means the materials used fall within the 101 species listed, not necessarily among the 33 redwood species. In other words, when consumers buy expensive hardwood furniture, it doesn't automatically mean it's made of redwood. The "Dark and Expensive Hardwood Furniture" standard is not an updated or expanded version of the "Redwood" national standard. Their scopes are different and should not be confused. Additionally, the newly released "General Technical Conditions for Redwood Furniture" is an independent and brand-new standard, mainly setting mandatory requirements for redwood furniture, rather than being a revision or supplement to the "Redwood" standard. Therefore, when purchasing redwood furniture, it’s essential to understand these three standards and remain cautious to avoid being misled.
In summary, the "Dark and Expensive Hardwood Furniture" standard lists 101 types of dark and valuable hardwoods, including all 33 redwood species from the "Redwood" national standard (GB/T 18107-2000). It also includes 68 additional tree species not covered by the "Redwood" standard. Among these, the 33 redwood species are considered rare and precious within the group of dark and expensive hardwoods, meeting both standards. However, the remaining 68 species meet the "dark and expensive" criteria but do not satisfy the national "Redwood" standard. Consumers should be careful and watch out for merchants who misrepresent ordinary hardwood as "redwood."
In the market, some furniture is made from wood belonging to the 101 types of dark and expensive hardwoods, such as Guibourtia and Swartizia, which have attractive patterns, colors, and quality. Some merchants mislead customers by calling these woods "Brazilian Rosewood" or "Red Sandalwood." Although these look similar in color and appearance to rosewood and red rosewood, they are not among the 33 redwood species. They should clearly state the correct name, otherwise, it can easily confuse buyers. These two types of wood have only been imported from Africa and Latin America in recent years and were not traditionally used in Ming or Qing dynasty furniture. Moreover, in today’s market, woods like Dialium, Afzelia, Intsia, Pericopsis, and Rengas—along with some imported species from the genus Melanorrhoea—are commonly used for furniture and flooring. All of these belong to the 101 types of dark and expensive hardwoods and can often be mixed with redwood. Consumers are encouraged to improve their ability to distinguish real redwood from imitations.
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