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(Preparation of Reversible Thermochromic Building Coatings and Their Properties)
Thermochromic dyes can be reversed at conventional temperatures, which is a proven fact and can be incorporated into microcapsules using photographic emulsion polymerization processes. The thermochromic dyes incorporated into the microcapsules are mixed with conventional non-thermochromic dyes. When the temperature reaches 18°C, the color of the thermochromic dyes will change from warm to cool. By testing the application and performance characteristics of the coating, it was found that the addition of the thermochromic dye does not degrade the properties of the coating. However, the durability test results show that the durability of the coating is not ideal, and the reason will be given later.
Introduction Coatings used in construction are low in price, easy to maintain, rich in color, and highly practical. Architectural coatings should be able to meet the needs of modern architectural decoration well. A new direction in the development of architectural coatings is that the color can change with changes in temperature. Such coatings can achieve vivid and varied decorative effects, for example, become cold in summer. The color changes to warm colors in winter.
Experimental thermochromic coatings To date, many raw materials have been found to have reversible thermal discoloration. The principle of reversible color change includes changing the type of crystal with temperature. The pH value changes with temperature, by heating the crystal Part of the water loss, electrons with the temperature changes from the supply body to the recipient of the balance of motion, due to the heating caused by the ring reaction and so on.
People have studied a lot of raw materials and hope that some of them can be used in reversible thermochromic architectural coatings such as indigo, but their color conversion temperatures are all higher than 18°C, so they are not suitable for use as thermochromic architectural coatings. Phenolphthalein can change color as the pH value changes. Although this is not a thermal discoloration, it is conceivable to use a color developing agent to make a lactone, resulting in a color change. Based on this idea, we used purple crystalline lactone (CVL) and its analogues to simulate thermochromic raw materials and thus to obtain thermochromic dyes that can change color at ordinary temperatures.
Microcapsule encapsulation of thermochromic dyes After finding the thermochromic dyes, we mixed the dyes with the other components of the architectural paint and found that the thermochromic properties of the dyes disappeared because the thermochromic dyes are sensitive to the other components of the architectural paint. It is necessary to microencapsulate thermochromic dyes. There are currently two methods of microencapsulation. During the microencapsulation process, some chemicals are often added as reagents.
Preparation and Characterization of Thermochromic Architectural Coatings Thermochromic architectural coatings can be formed by adding a large amount of microcapsules of thermochromic dyes to white interior and exterior wall coatings.
For example, the interior wall coating made by Shanghai Huili Paint Factory, and the exterior wall coating made by the American Insulation Coatings Company, ASTEC100. According to the weight of the white coating, the total weight of the appendages of the thermochromic dye is about 20%. The mixture was manually stirred in a container for 15 minutes.
The characteristics of thermochromic architectural coatings were measured according to national standards GB1723, 1724, 1726, 1733, 9265. In GB1723, the viscosity of the paint is defined as the time that the paint flows out through the bottom of the cup. In GB1724, the fineness of the paint is determined by the fineness of the squeegee. In GB1726, it is determined by the covering power of the paint covering the weight of the paint required per unit area. Each unit area refers to a black and white square grid, which requires the paint to completely cover it. In GB1733, the water resistance of a coating is determined by immersing the sample in water for a certain period of time. In GB9265, the alkali resistance of the coating was measured with a sample of 12-13 phenol calcium solution.
The color changing properties of thermochromic architectural coatings can be determined by two methods: rapid and slow. In the rapid method, the thermochromic architectural paint is brushed onto an asbestos board, dried, and the sample is placed in a furnace. The rate of temperature increase is 2°C/minute, and a constant temperature of 5 minutes is maintained after every 2°C increase. The temperature at which the color changes is determined by visual observation. In the slow method, the same sample was placed in the room for 24 hours and the color of the sample and the changed color were measured with a medium colorimeter. The temperature at which the color changes is determined by the temperature of the air.
The deteriorating properties of the thermochromic architectural paint were measured with a xenon lamp, in which the black board temperature was 65°C, the drying lamp temperature was 41°C, the relative humidity was about 70%, and each cycle was 120 minutes. Xenon lamp radiation standard is 0.47w/m2. After the usual time, the sample was removed and the tristimulus value of the sample was measured with a colorimeter.
Results and Discussion
The microencapsulated thermochromic dyes are ready for microencapsulated thermochromic dyes, where the temperature of the color change is determined by the slow method, and the color change is determined based on visual observation. Thermochromic dyes cannot be used directly in thermochromic architectural coatings and must be microencapsulated. Various microencapsulation processes and techniques are detailed in the literature.
In the present study, there are many water-soluble monomers or polymers used in the microencapsulation process of thermochromic paints, in which the thermochromic dyes are emulsified in water and polymerization takes place on the surface of the dye droplets. The properties of this dye are not changed by the microcapsule process.
The characteristics of the thermochromic architectural paint can be seen that when the thermochromic dyes are added to Huili or ASTEC coatings, respectively, the viscosity of the coating is increased and the fineness is not changed, but the hiding power of the coating is improved; other characteristics of the coating are not affected. The results showed that when the microencapsulated thermochromic dye was mixed into the coating of the inner and outer walls, the coating properties did not change significantly.
Thermochromic properties of thermochromic architectural coatings Microencapsulated thermochromic dyes G20 and B20 were added to ASTEC coatings. The color of thermochromic architectural coatings was reversibly switched between light red, green, blue and white. The results show that the prepared paint can be reversible thermochromic architectural paint at room temperature. The color change temperature is about 24-25°C (fast method) and slow method is 18-19°C. The color change significantly lags the temperature change, and the color change obviously depends on the rate of temperature change.
It can be seen that the color and color change results measured by the tristimulus value and visual observation are the same, that is, the visual inspection can also obtain satisfactory results.
New thermochromic architectural paints of single or multiple types can be obtained by a mixture of thermochromic dye mixtures, thermochromic dyes and non-thermochromic dyes. In particular, when the R20 thermochromic dye is mixed with the non-thermochromic pigment malachite green, the paint color is purple-red at a low temperature and can be reversibly changed to green at a high temperature. The color change temperature is about 18 °C Celsius. The results showed that the paint turned cold in summer and warm in winter. Mixing R20, R30, and non-thermally discolored pigments results in multiple types of thermochromic architectural coatings that are suitable for many applications.
Durability of thermochromic architectural coatings After a long period of time, the color of the paint (ASTEC+R30) changed from light red to a faint red, and the color of the paint (ASTEC+R30+G30) changed from gray to white gray, and the color faded. The rate is faster in the first 200 hours than in the last 200 hours. In addition, the temperature of the paint after aging is almost the same. The results show that the durability of thermochromic architectural coatings is not ideal. Because after the endurance, foaming, paper creases, and paper pulls did not occur and the temperature of the color change was not affected by the time, it can be said that the deterioration of the thermochromic architectural paint may be caused by the fading of the dye.
in conclusion:
In this paper, the reversible discoloration of thermochromic dyes at room temperature has been confirmed, and the emulsion polymerization process is used to make the dyes microencapsulated. By mixing a common white architectural paint with a microencapsulated thermochromic dye, a thermochromic architectural paint can be obtained whose reversible color change ranges from red, green, blue to white. The color change temperature is about 18°C. When different thermochromic dyes and non-thermochromic pigments are mixed, the color of the thermochromic architectural paint changes reversibly, being warm at low temperatures and cool at high temperatures. Adding microencapsulated thermochromic dyes does not have a great effect on the general properties of thermochromic architectural coatings. Durability test results indicate that such coatings will fade over time.
Thermochromic dyes can be reversed at conventional temperatures, which is a proven fact and can be incorporated into microcapsules using photographic emulsion polymerization processes. The thermochromic dyes incorporated into the microcapsules are mixed with conventional non-thermochromic dyes. When the temperature reaches 18°C, the color of the thermochromic dyes will change from warm to cool. By testing the application and performance characteristics of the coating, it was found that the addition of the thermochromic dye does not degrade the properties of the coating. However, the durability test results show that the durability of the coating is not ideal, and the reason will be given later.
Introduction Coatings used in construction are low in price, easy to maintain, rich in color, and highly practical. Architectural coatings should be able to meet the needs of modern architectural decoration well. A new direction in the development of architectural coatings is that the color can change with changes in temperature. Such coatings can achieve vivid and varied decorative effects, for example, become cold in summer. The color changes to warm colors in winter.
Experimental thermochromic coatings To date, many raw materials have been found to have reversible thermal discoloration. The principle of reversible color change includes changing the type of crystal with temperature. The pH value changes with temperature, by heating the crystal Part of the water loss, electrons with the temperature changes from the supply body to the recipient of the balance of motion, due to the heating caused by the ring reaction and so on.
People have studied a lot of raw materials and hope that some of them can be used in reversible thermochromic architectural coatings such as indigo, but their color conversion temperatures are all higher than 18°C, so they are not suitable for use as thermochromic architectural coatings. Phenolphthalein can change color as the pH value changes. Although this is not a thermal discoloration, it is conceivable to use a color developing agent to make a lactone, resulting in a color change. Based on this idea, we used purple crystalline lactone (CVL) and its analogues to simulate thermochromic raw materials and thus to obtain thermochromic dyes that can change color at ordinary temperatures.
Microcapsule encapsulation of thermochromic dyes After finding the thermochromic dyes, we mixed the dyes with the other components of the architectural paint and found that the thermochromic properties of the dyes disappeared because the thermochromic dyes are sensitive to the other components of the architectural paint. It is necessary to microencapsulate thermochromic dyes. There are currently two methods of microencapsulation. During the microencapsulation process, some chemicals are often added as reagents.
Preparation and Characterization of Thermochromic Architectural Coatings Thermochromic architectural coatings can be formed by adding a large amount of microcapsules of thermochromic dyes to white interior and exterior wall coatings.
For example, the interior wall coating made by Shanghai Huili Paint Factory, and the exterior wall coating made by the American Insulation Coatings Company, ASTEC100. According to the weight of the white coating, the total weight of the appendages of the thermochromic dye is about 20%. The mixture was manually stirred in a container for 15 minutes.
The characteristics of thermochromic architectural coatings were measured according to national standards GB1723, 1724, 1726, 1733, 9265. In GB1723, the viscosity of the paint is defined as the time that the paint flows out through the bottom of the cup. In GB1724, the fineness of the paint is determined by the fineness of the squeegee. In GB1726, it is determined by the covering power of the paint covering the weight of the paint required per unit area. Each unit area refers to a black and white square grid, which requires the paint to completely cover it. In GB1733, the water resistance of a coating is determined by immersing the sample in water for a certain period of time. In GB9265, the alkali resistance of the coating was measured with a sample of 12-13 phenol calcium solution.
The color changing properties of thermochromic architectural coatings can be determined by two methods: rapid and slow. In the rapid method, the thermochromic architectural paint is brushed onto an asbestos board, dried, and the sample is placed in a furnace. The rate of temperature increase is 2°C/minute, and a constant temperature of 5 minutes is maintained after every 2°C increase. The temperature at which the color changes is determined by visual observation. In the slow method, the same sample was placed in the room for 24 hours and the color of the sample and the changed color were measured with a medium colorimeter. The temperature at which the color changes is determined by the temperature of the air.
The deteriorating properties of the thermochromic architectural paint were measured with a xenon lamp, in which the black board temperature was 65°C, the drying lamp temperature was 41°C, the relative humidity was about 70%, and each cycle was 120 minutes. Xenon lamp radiation standard is 0.47w/m2. After the usual time, the sample was removed and the tristimulus value of the sample was measured with a colorimeter.
Results and Discussion
The microencapsulated thermochromic dyes are ready for microencapsulated thermochromic dyes, where the temperature of the color change is determined by the slow method, and the color change is determined based on visual observation. Thermochromic dyes cannot be used directly in thermochromic architectural coatings and must be microencapsulated. Various microencapsulation processes and techniques are detailed in the literature.
In the present study, there are many water-soluble monomers or polymers used in the microencapsulation process of thermochromic paints, in which the thermochromic dyes are emulsified in water and polymerization takes place on the surface of the dye droplets. The properties of this dye are not changed by the microcapsule process.
The characteristics of the thermochromic architectural paint can be seen that when the thermochromic dyes are added to Huili or ASTEC coatings, respectively, the viscosity of the coating is increased and the fineness is not changed, but the hiding power of the coating is improved; other characteristics of the coating are not affected. The results showed that when the microencapsulated thermochromic dye was mixed into the coating of the inner and outer walls, the coating properties did not change significantly.
Thermochromic properties of thermochromic architectural coatings Microencapsulated thermochromic dyes G20 and B20 were added to ASTEC coatings. The color of thermochromic architectural coatings was reversibly switched between light red, green, blue and white. The results show that the prepared paint can be reversible thermochromic architectural paint at room temperature. The color change temperature is about 24-25°C (fast method) and slow method is 18-19°C. The color change significantly lags the temperature change, and the color change obviously depends on the rate of temperature change.
It can be seen that the color and color change results measured by the tristimulus value and visual observation are the same, that is, the visual inspection can also obtain satisfactory results.
New thermochromic architectural paints of single or multiple types can be obtained by a mixture of thermochromic dye mixtures, thermochromic dyes and non-thermochromic dyes. In particular, when the R20 thermochromic dye is mixed with the non-thermochromic pigment malachite green, the paint color is purple-red at a low temperature and can be reversibly changed to green at a high temperature. The color change temperature is about 18 °C Celsius. The results showed that the paint turned cold in summer and warm in winter. Mixing R20, R30, and non-thermally discolored pigments results in multiple types of thermochromic architectural coatings that are suitable for many applications.
Durability of thermochromic architectural coatings After a long period of time, the color of the paint (ASTEC+R30) changed from light red to a faint red, and the color of the paint (ASTEC+R30+G30) changed from gray to white gray, and the color faded. The rate is faster in the first 200 hours than in the last 200 hours. In addition, the temperature of the paint after aging is almost the same. The results show that the durability of thermochromic architectural coatings is not ideal. Because after the endurance, foaming, paper creases, and paper pulls did not occur and the temperature of the color change was not affected by the time, it can be said that the deterioration of the thermochromic architectural paint may be caused by the fading of the dye.
in conclusion:
In this paper, the reversible discoloration of thermochromic dyes at room temperature has been confirmed, and the emulsion polymerization process is used to make the dyes microencapsulated. By mixing a common white architectural paint with a microencapsulated thermochromic dye, a thermochromic architectural paint can be obtained whose reversible color change ranges from red, green, blue to white. The color change temperature is about 18°C. When different thermochromic dyes and non-thermochromic pigments are mixed, the color of the thermochromic architectural paint changes reversibly, being warm at low temperatures and cool at high temperatures. Adding microencapsulated thermochromic dyes does not have a great effect on the general properties of thermochromic architectural coatings. Durability test results indicate that such coatings will fade over time.
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