New edition - Map of Portugal and overview of Portugal

【Name】 Portuguese Republic (A Republica Portuguesa, The Portuguese Republic).

[Area]: 92152 square kilometers (2002).

[population] 104.492 million (Portuguese National Bureau of Statistics statistics for the first quarter of 2004). The population density is 113.4 people/km2. The labor force population was 5.472 million (first quarter of 2004). The official language is Portuguese. About 97% of the residents believe in Catholicism.

[Capital] Lisbon, population 570,000 (2000), hottest month (August), temperature is 17-28°C (average daily minimum and maximum temperature), coldest month (January) temperature is 8- 14°C. In the most dry month (July), precipitation is 3 mm (monthly precipitation), and the wettest month (January) is 111 mm.

[Head of State] President Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio, who took office in March 1996 and reelected in January 2001.

[profiles] Located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula in Europe. It connects Spain to the east and the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south. The coastline is 832 kilometers long. The terrain is high in the north and south, mostly in the mountains and hills. The northern part is a temperate broad-leaved forest with a subtropical Mediterranean climate.

One of the ancient European countries. In 1143 it became an independent kingdom. In the 15th and 16th centuries, a large number of colonies were established in Africa, Asia, and the Americas and became powerful nations at sea. It was invaded by Spain in 1580 and escaped Spanish rule in 1640. 1820 - 1910 was a constitutional monarchy. The first republic was established in October 1910. The military government was established in May 1926. In 1932 Salazar took office as prime minister and implemented fascist dictatorship. On April 25, 1974, a group of middle and lower ranks of “armed forces movements” overthrew the extreme right regime that ruled Portugal for more than 40 years, began the process of democratization, and at the same time gave up Portuguese colonies in Africa. In 1986, Suarez was elected the first literary president of Portugal in 60 years. Portugal joined the European Community in 1986 and became one of the first European countries to join the European Union in 1999.

[Major Holidays] June 10: National Day; October 5: Republic Day; April 25: Commemorate the dictatorship on April 25, 1974, and establish a democratic regime.

[Politics] In January 1996, the former General Secretary of the Socialist Party, Jorge Sampaio, defeated the former Chairman of the Social Democratic Party and former Prime Minister Kavako Silva in the presidential election and was elected president. In January 2001, he was re-elected as president. In December of the same year, Guterres resigned as the Prime Minister and General Secretary of the Socialist Party due to the defeat of the Socialist Party in the national elections. President Sampaio announced the dissolution of the parliament and held an early election in March 2002. The Social Democratic Party won with a slight majority and formed a coalition government with the People’s Party. The chairman of the party, Barroso, became the prime minister. In July 2004, Pakistan accepted the nomination of the chairman of the European Commission and resigned from the post of chairman of the Prime Minister and Social Democrats. The president of the Social Democratic Party, appointed by the President of Portugal, succeeded Lopez. Due to the lack of work of the Lopez government, President Sampaio announced the dissolution of the parliament on December 10 and re-elected on February 20, 2005. In the general election, the Socialist Party won with an absolute majority of votes and obtained governing qualifications.

[Constitution] The current constitution was enacted in 1976 and has undergone six revisions. The most recent revision was completed in 2004. The Constitution stipulates that the president, the parliament, the government, and the courts are the state powers; the president is the supreme commander of the armed forces, and the chief of the general staff and the generals of the three armies are appointed and removed according to the government's nomination. The president can dissolve the parliament after he has listened to the views of various parties and the State Council. "When necessary," the government can be dismissed and the prime minister can be dismissed.

[Parliament] One-house system with 230 members for a four-year term. The current parliament was elected on February 20, 2005. On March 16, the parliament held its first plenary session and elected socialist Jaime Gama as the speaker. The four vice chairmen were: Manuel Allegle (Socialist Party), Gilles Silva (SDP), Antonio Felipe (Portuguese), Termo Correa (People’s Party ). The distribution of seats of various parties is as follows: 121 in the Socialist Party, 75 in the Socialist Party, 14 in the Portuguese, 12 in the People’s Party, and 8 in the Left-wing Group.

[Government] The current government took office on March 12, 2005 and is composed of the Socialist Party. The main members are: Prime Minister José Socrates, State Minister and Interior Minister Antonio Costa, State Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Diogo Freitas do Amaral, Minister of State and Finance Minister Luis Campos e Cunha, Prime Minister Minister Pedro Silva Pereira, Minister of Justice Alberto Costa, Environment, Land Planning And Regional Development Minister Francisco Nunes Correia, Minister of Economy and Innovation Manuel Pinho, Minister of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries Jaime Silva ), Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communications Mario Lino, Minister of Labor and Social Solidarity Jose Aotonio da Silva, Minister of Health Antonio Correia de Campos , Minister of Education Maria de Lurdes Rodrigues (Maria de Lurdes Rodrigues), Minister of Technology and Higher Education Mariano Mariano Gago, Minister of Culture Isabel Pires de Lima, Minister of Parliament Affairs Augusto Santos Silva, State Secretary of the Prime Minister's Council Jorge Lacan (Jorge Lacao).

【URL】

presidential palace:

parliament:

Prime Minister's Office: Portal/PT/

Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

Ministry of Education:

Ministry of Culture:

Supreme Court:

[Administrative Division] The country is divided into 18 regions, namely: Lisbon, Porto, Coimbra, Viana do Castelo, Braga, Ciudad Real, Bragança, Guada, Leiria, Azerbaijan. Willow, Viseu, Santarem, Evora, Faro, Castelo Branco, Portalegre, Beja, Setubal. There are also two autonomous regions of Madeira and Azores.

[Judiciary] The Supreme Court is the highest judicial institution, and the president is elected by judges. The president of the Supreme Court ranks fourth among the national leaders. After the president, the president, and the prime minister, if the top three leaders are not in the country or are unable to perform their duties, the president of the Supreme Court may act as the head of state. The current president of the Supreme Court is Nunes da Cruz, elected in 2005. The General Prosecutor's Office of the Republic is the Supreme Prosecutor’s Office. The Attorney-General Jose Moura took office on October 10, 2000.

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