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According to the shape of the sofa, the sofa is mainly divided into two types: classical and modern. Classical style sofas generally use some traditional modeling elements, using traditional craft structures, so the structure is more complicated. The exposed parts of this type of sofa are often decorated with carving, inlaying, painting, painting and other processes. The production process is long and the technical requirements are high. The production process of the modern modeling sofa is relatively simple, and the modern new technology materials are widely applied, and the production process route is short, which is convenient for large-scale production.
The sofa is mainly composed of three parts: frame, filler and fabric.
(1) The frame constitutes the main structure and basic shape of the sofa. The frame materials are mainly wood, steel, wood-based panels, medium-density fiberboard, etc. Currently, medium-density fiberboard is the main material. The framework is mainly to meet the modeling requirements and strength requirements.
(2) Filling material plays a decisive role in the comfort of the sofa. The traditional fillers are brown silk and spring. Nowadays, foamed plastics, sponges, synthetic materials and the like of various functions are commonly used. The filler should have good elasticity, fatigue resistance and long life. Different parts of the sofa have different load bearing and comfort requirements. The performance and price of the filler vary greatly.
(3) The texture and color of the fabric determine the taste of the sofa. At present, the variety of fabrics is really dazzling. With the advancement of science and technology, the variety of fabrics will be more and more abundant.
The general structure of the traditional sofa (bottom-up): frame - wood strip - spring - bottom gauze - brown mat - sponge - inner bag - outer.
The general structure of modern sofas (bottom up): frame - elastic band - bottom gauze - sponge - inner bag - jacket. It can be seen that the production process of the modern sofa omits a time-consuming and labor-saving fixed spring and a mating process than the conventional sofa.
Sofa production process
The characteristics of sofa production are the variety of materials used, the material difference is large, the frame is made of wood, steel, wood-based panels, paints, decorative parts, etc.; filling sponge, foam plastic, elastic band, non-woven fabric, spring, mat, etc. Making jackets, leather, composites, etc. The processing span spans from woodworking operations, lacquer work, sewing work to hair work. According to the principle of professional division of labor and improvement of work efficiency, the sofa processing is divided into five sections : the frame section, which mainly produces the sofa frame; the exterior section, which mainly produces the components exposed by the sofa; the lining section, which prepares various sponge cores; Section, cutting and sewing jacket; final assembly (skin) section, the semi-finished products of each previous section, with accessories, assembled into a complete sofa product.
The process flow of different sofa production plants is also different. The division of labor in small enterprises is relatively thick. The division of labor in large and medium-sized enterprises is more detailed. The specialized division of labor is conducive to improving work efficiency and ensuring product quality stability.
Introduction to the production process
Batching process
The majority of the sofa frame materials are sheet metal, and the straight-type sheet metal is cut with a cutting saw. The small enterprise uses a circular saw to cut the saw blade and the band saw to cut the curved sheet. The medium of the sofa frame can be made of medium density fiberboard, and the medium density fiberboard has the advantages of large web size and high yield, and is particularly remarkable for curved parts. At present, the performance of various fasteners and connectors for MDF is very good. There are still many chemical products in the market where formaldehyde is blocked and formaldehyde is captured on the surface of the MDF frame, which can get rid of the trouble of formaldehyde. For solid wood frame, handrails and decorative parts, these parts have high surface quality requirements, complicated processes, some require solid wood bending, and some require special processing. These parts are basically consistent with the processing of solid wood furniture, and they are no longer Discussed. Clear and correct ingredient list, marker drawing, and template of curved part are the main measures for rational use of materials and improvement of work efficiency.
Assembly frame
The prepared plate, the bent piece, the square material are combined into a frame, and the bottom plate is sealed. It is necessary to frequently collect the fasteners that are used for the frame of the sofa, and skillfully select the fastener information, which can do more with less. The finished sofa frame should pay attention to its quality, the size of the frame for mass production meets the requirements, and the error of the size causes trouble for the assembly process. The strength of the frame should meet the requirements. At present, the frame structure of the sofa is based on experience. In fact, the frame material can be reduced or the strength can be further improved by optimizing the treatment. The craftsmanship of the frame structure should also be paid attention to, and it is necessary to facilitate the operation of subsequent processes. The surface of the frame should be smoothed, deburred and sharpened to avoid potential hazards in subsequent operations.
Sponge preparation
According to the size and size required for the bill of materials, the scribing and cutting sponges should be attached to the sponges with complex shapes and sleeves for easy construction.
Paste frame
Nail elastic band on the frame - nail gauze - adhesive thin or thick sponge to prepare for the suede process, reducing the amount of work in the suede process. In this process, there are corresponding requirements for the specifications, quantity, tensile value and cross-order of the elastic band, which will affect the comfort and durability of the sofa.
Jacket cut
According to the requirements of the ingredient list, cut according to the sample. Check the natural skin sheets one by one, avoiding scars and defects. Synthetic materials can be cut into strips by electric cutting, and the precious natural skin sheets can be reasonably utilized, and the materials can be selected to prevent the use of large materials. Jacket cutting is a point of control for production costs.
Assembly (skin)
The frame to be pasted, the finished inner, outer jacket, various accessories and accessories are assembled into a sofa. The general procedure is to nail the inner sleeve on the frame with the sponge attached, then put on the outer sleeve and fix it, and then install the decorative piece, the nail base cloth and the foot.
Inspection warehousing
After the product has passed the inspection, it can be packaged and put into storage.
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